Search results for "Logical function"

showing 10 items of 26 documents

Fundamentals on the Molecular Mechanism of Action of Antimicrobial Peptides

2019

Abstract Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) are produced by several organisms as their first line of defense. Constituted by amino acids, they may present different mechanisms of action. The antimicrobial activity can be used by the peptide-producing organism itself, as innate immune strategy, or in the industry, applying as natural source preservatives. Understanding the possibilities of the operation of these compounds is a prerequisite for the development of effective uses, as well as for the establishment of combinations, which can even expand their applications considering the possibilities of genetic manipulations. Thus, the objective of this article is to review the basic principles of AM…

010302 applied physicsPhysiological functionMaterials scienceInnate immune systemComputer scienceFirst lineAntimicrobial peptides02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyAntimicrobial01 natural sciencesAction (philosophy)0103 physical sciencesNatural sourceMolecular mechanismGeneral Materials ScienceBiochemical engineering0210 nano-technologyOrganismSSRN Electronic Journal
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The changes in age of peak swim speed for elite male and female Swiss freestyle swimmers between 1994 and 2012

2014

This study determined the age and its changes across years of peak swimming performance from 50 to 1,500 m freestyle. Data of 70,059 Swiss freestyle swimmers (33,725 women and 36,334 men) aged 10-40 years and competing from 50 to 1,500 m were analysed. The association between age and swimming speed of the annual ten fastest swimmers was investigated using single and multi-level hierarchical regression analyses. For women, age of peak swimming speed increased in 50 m from 18.9 (s = 2.3) to 20.4 (s = 4.2) years but decreased in 1,500 m from 25.0 (s = 13.1) (1996) to 18.1 (s = 3.7) years. For 100-800 m, age remained at 19.1 (s = 1.1), 19.3 (s = 1.1), 18.7 (s = 1.5) and 18.5 (s = 1.3) years, re…

11035 Institute of General PracticeAdultMaleBODY-COMPOSITIONAdolescentPhysical ExertionSECULAR CHANGESPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONAL-CAPACITYPhysical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationCHILDREN610 Medicine & healthULTRA-ENDURANCE SWIMMERSAthletic Performance[SCCO]Cognitive scienceYoung Adult2732 Orthopedics and Sports MedicineSex FactorsSex factorsMARATHONMedicineHumansOrthopedics and Sports MedicineYoung adult3612 Physical Therapy Sports Therapy and RehabilitationSwimmingbiologybusiness.industryAthletesRACE PERFORMANCEAge FactorsHEALTH SURVEYbiology.organism_classificationSwimming speedAthletesPhysical EnduranceFemale[ SCCO ] Cognitive scienceGENDERWEIGHTbusinessDemography
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Are there specific neuropsychological deficits underlying poor insight in first episode psychosis?

2011

Insight in psychosis is a multi-dimensional phenomenon, and has been hypothesised to have some sort of neuropsychological basis. It is unclear to what extent specific neuropsychological abilities are able to predict insight beyond the effect of generalised cognitive ability. We aimed to test this, alongside the relationship of insight with illness duration and diagnosis, in a sample of first episode psychosis patients. We recruited 102 patients experiencing their first episode of psychosis and assessed their insight, symptoms, diagnosis as well as administering a full neuropsychological battery. Low insight was related to worse performance in a variety of neuropsychological tasks. Regressio…

AdultMalePsychosismedicine.medical_specialtyNeuropsychological functionAdolescentNeuropsychological TestsVerbal learningYoung AdultCognitionMemorySettore M-PSI/08 - Psicologia ClinicamedicineHumansYoung adultPsychiatryAssociation (psychology)Settore MED/25 - PsichiatriaBiological PsychiatryAnalysis of VarianceNeuropsychologyAwareneCognitionAwarenessMiddle AgedVerbal Learningmedicine.diseaseFirst episode psychosiPsychiatry and Mental healthPsychotic DisordersdupRegression AnalysisFemaleVerbal memoryInsightCognition DisordersPsychologyDiagnosiSchizophrenia Research
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Seabird influence on ecological processes in coastal marine ecosystems: An overlooked role? A critical review

2021

Abstract Seabirds are vital, but overlooked, components of coastal marine ecosystems and may connect the marine and terrestrial environment at a global scale, significantly contributing to inter-habitat connectivity and the provision of multiple ecosystem services. Although the ecological and functional role of birds in terrestrial areas, islands in particular, has been deeply studied since the last century, the same does not hold true for coastal marine areas. Given the importance of coastal areas for seabirds worldwide and, at the same time, the high vulnerability of both, looking into the role of seabirds in influencing the ecosystem functioning in coastal areas is needed nowadays. Here,…

Functional rolebiologyEcologyWadersVulnerabilityAquatic ScienceOceanographyAllochthonous inputEcosystem servicesGeographybiology.animalEcological functionsWaterbirdsEcosystem servicesTerrestrial ecosystemMarine ecosystemEcosystemSeabirdAquatic birdsTrophic levelEstuarine, Coastal and Shelf Science
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''No Gender Difference in Peak Performance in Ultra-Endurance Swimming Performance - Analysis of the 'Zurich 12-h Swim' from 1996 to 2010''

2012

Eichenberger, Evelyn | Knechtle, Beat | Christoph, Alexander Rust | Knechtle, Patrizia | Lepers, Romuald | Rosemann, Thomas; International audience; ''The aims of the study were to [1] investigate the performance trends at the 'Zurich 12-h Swim' in Switzerland from 1996 to 2010; and [2] determine the gender difference in peak performance in ultra-endurance swimming. In total, 113 male and 53 female swimmers competed in this indoor ultra-endurance event while swimming in a heated pool. The number of male participants significantly increased (r(2) = 0.36, P = 0.04) over time while the participation of females remained unchanged (r(2) = 0.12, P = 0.26). In the age group 0.05). The best perform…

HYPOTHERMIA[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience[SCCO.NEUR] Cognitive science/NeurosciencePARTICIPATIONPHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONAL-CAPACITYRACE PERFORMANCEAGE-RELATED-CHANGESSTYLEFEMALESTYLE''MARATHON[ SCCO.NEUR ] Cognitive science/NeuroscienceWATER''PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTIONAL-CAPACITY
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Parental Identity and Its Relation to Parenting and Psychological Functioning in Middle Age

2016

SYNOPSIS Objective. This article focuses on identity as a parent in relation to parenting and psychological functioning in middle age. Design. Drawn from the Jyväskylä Longitudinal Study of Personality and Social Development, 162 participants (53% females) with children (age 36), represented the Finnish age-cohort born in 1959. Parental identity was assessed at ages 36, 42, and 50. Results. In both women and men, parental identity achievement increased from age 36 to 42 and remained stable to 50. The level of parental identity achievement was higher in women than in men. Achievement was typical for women and foreclosure for men. Participants’ education, occupational status, and number of of…

Longitudinal studySocial PsychologyOccupational prestigemedia_common.quotation_subjectkeski-ikäIdentity (social science)050109 social psychologypsychological functioningArticleEducationDevelopmental psychologyStyle (sociolinguistics)parentingDevelopmental and Educational PsychologyPersonality0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmiddle ageta515media_commonparental identityGenerativity05 social sciencesSocial changeOriginal ArticlesMiddle agePsychology050104 developmental & child psychologyParenting, Science and Practice
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Association of Iron Status and Intake During Pregnancy with Neuropsychological Outcomes in Children Aged 7 Years: The Prospective Birth Cohort Infanc…

2019

Early iron status plays an important role in prenatal neurodevelopment. Iron deficiency and high iron status have been related to alterations in child cognitive development

Male0301 basic medicinePediatricsattention executive function iron intake iron status neuropsychological function pregnancy working memoryTrail Making Testiron intakeNeuropsychological Testsneuropsychological functionExecutive FunctionChild DevelopmentCognition0302 clinical medicinePregnancyAttentionProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineiron statusChildeducation.field_of_studyNutrition and DieteticsNeuropsychologyIron deficiency3. Good healthMemory Short-TermCohortFemalepregnancyIron DietaryAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyOffspringIronPopulationNutritional StatusArticleworking memory03 medical and health sciencesmedicineHumansCognitive skilleducationPregnancy030109 nutrition & dieteticsbusiness.industryMaternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomenamedicine.diseaseattentionexecutive functionSpainbusinessFood Science
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Identification of calcium sensing receptor (CaSR) mRNA-expressing cells in normal and injured rat brain

2009

Calcium sensing receptor (CaSR), isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid, is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expr…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyTime FactorsCentral nervous systemHippocampusCell CountSettore BIO/11 - Biologia MolecolareBiologySettore BIO/09 - Fisiologiachemistry.chemical_compoundSeizuresInternal medicineSettore BIO/10 - BiochimicaCaSRmedicineAnimalsRNA MessengerRats WistarIbotenic AcidMolecular BiologyIn Situ HybridizationNeuronsKainic AcidGeneral NeuroscienceDentate gyrusBrainColocalizationImmunohistochemistryRatsOligodendrogliamedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologynervous systemchemistryBrain InjuriesNeurogliaNeurology (clinical)Pyramidal cellCaSR; BrainCalcium sensing receptor (CaSR) isolated for the first time from bovine and human parathyroid is a G-protein-coupled receptors that has been involved in diverse physiological functions. At present a complete in vivo work on the identification of CaSR mRNA-expressing cells in the adult brain lacks and this investigation was undertaken in order to acquire more information on cell type expressing CaSR mRNA in the rat brain and to analyse for the first time its expression in different experimental models of brain injury. The expression of CaSR mRNAs was found mainly in scattered cells throughout almost all the brain regions. A double labeling analysis showed a colocalization of CaSR mRNA expression in neurons and oligodendrocytes whereas it was not found expressed both in the microglia and in astrocytes. One week after kainate-induced seizure CaSR was found in the injured CA3 region of the hippocampus and very interestingly it was found up-regulated in the neurons of CA1-CA2 and dentate gyrus. Similarly 1 week following ibotenic acid injection in the hippocampus CaSR mRNA expression was increased in oligodendrocytes both in the lesioned area and in the contralateral CA1-CA3 pyramidal cell layers and dentate gyrus. One week after needle-induced mechanical lesion an increase of labeled cells expressing CaSR mRNA was observed along the needle track. In conclusion the present results contribute to extend available data on cell type-expressing CaSR in normal and injured brain and could spur to understand the role of CaSR in repairing processes of brain injury.Receptors Calcium-SensingIbotenic acidDevelopmental BiologyAstrocyte
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Neuropathological Alterations after Smoke Inhalation Injury, with and without Skin Burn

2020

More than 23,000 smoke inhalation injuries are reported in the United States each year. While the pathophysiology of smoke inhalation-induced lung injury is well studied, little is known about the acute effects of smoke inhalation on the central nervous system (CNS). Tragic events, such as those of the nightclub fire in Brazil in 2013, suggest that neurological complications occur following smoke inhalation injury, with the most commonly reported symptoms being a persistent headache, memory loss, and paresthesia. Additionally, one case report described that smoke inhalation alone was associated with progressive cognitive and psychiatric impairments, lasting for years after the initial injur…

NeuroanatomySmoke InhalationSmoke inhalation injuryThird-degree burnCentral nervous systemBlood VesselSkin Burn InjuryBlood Vessel DilationBrain PathologyBurnNeurological FunctionBlood-Brain Barrier DysfunctionMicro-Hemorrhage
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Identification of Distributed Systems with Logical Interaction Structure

2012

This paper focuses on the structure identification problem for a class of networked systems, where the interaction among components or agents is described through logical maps. In particular, agents are heterogeneous cooperating systems, i.e. they may have different individual dynamics and different interaction rules depending on input events. While we assume that the individual agents' dynamics are known, each agent has partial knowledge of the logical map encoding the interaction of another agent with its neighbors. Based on the so-called algebraic normal form for binary functions, we present a technique by which the network structure described by a logical function can be dynamically est…

Partial knowledgeTheoretical computer scienceInteraction ruleDistributed computingBinary numberClass (philosophy)Individual dynamicAlgebraic normal formLogical functionAlgebraic normal forms; Binary functions; Cooperating systems; Distributed systems; Individual agent; Individual dynamics; Interaction rules; Interaction structures; Logical functions; Logical maps; Lower approximation; Network structures; Networked systems; Partial knowledge; Real systems; Structure identification; Truth tablesBinary functionSettore ING-INF/04 - AutomaticaLogical mapMathematicsCooperating systemStructure (mathematical logic)Networked systemStructure identificationTruth tablesTruth tableMobile robotReal systemParameter identification problemAlgebraic normal formIdentification (information)Lower approximationInteraction structureIndividual agentDistributed systemNetwork structure
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